2.5 MeV电子加速器X射线血液辐照仪的均整器及辐射防护设计

X-ray Flattening Filter and Radiation Protection Designing for 2.5 MeV Electron Linear Accelerator Used for Blood Irradiator

摘要: 根据新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的需求及血液辐照仪的技术要求，采用蒙特卡罗软件FLUKA对一种2.5 MeV电子加速器X射线血液辐照仪的均整器和辐射防护进行了设计与仿真。仿真结果表明：均整后，照射区域内的吸收剂量率最大差异为7.6%，射线中心剂量率为均整前的57.6%，辐照仪整机外围5 cm处的剂量率最大为1 μSv/h，优于血液辐照仪的使用标准；经估算，要保证血液吸收剂量为25 Gy，只需要照射4.5 min。

Abstract: According to the current situation of the COVID-19 and the technical requirements of blood irradiators, this paper proposes a 2.5 MeV electron accelerator X-ray blood irradiator and designs its flattening filter and shielding structure. After detailed simulation design, the maximum difference of absorbed dose rate was about 7.6%, and the central absorbed dose rate was 57.6% as much as before. Meanwhile, the maximum dose rate at 5 cm outside the whole irradiator was 1 μSv/h, which could fully meet the requirements of blood irradiator. It was estimated that only 4.5 minutes of exposure was needed to ensure the blood exposure dose of 25 Gy.