Abstract: Agricultural economic high-quality development is the fundamental requirement for rural revitalization. This paper takes the Wuling Mountain region as the research area, constructs an indicator system for the level of agricultural economic high-quality development, and comprehensively evaluates the development level of agricultural economic high quality in 71 counties (cities, districts) in the Wuling Mountain region from 2012 to 2021 using the entropy weight method and Moran’s index method. The results indicate that: (1) The level of regional agricultural economic high-quality development has been rising year by year from 2012 to 2021, increasing from 0.1441 in 2012 to 0.2206 in 2021, with an average annual growth rate of 5.3%; (2) There is significant regional disparity in the level of agricultural economic high-quality development, with pronounced imbalances; (3) There is a certain spatial correlation in the regional agricultural economic development level. Based on this, efforts should be made to increase financial investment in each county (city, district), optimize the industrial structure of counties (cities, districts), enhance the level of green agricultural development, and improve the fair distribution of resources, thereby achieving high-quality development of agricultural economy.