Abstract: Based on the connotation of new quality productive forces, this paper constructs an index system for meas- uring and evaluating the level of regional new quality productive forces in China by focusing on the dimensions of new manufacturing, new services, new business formats and comprehensive indicators, and utilizes entropy weight TOPSIS method to measure the level of regional new quality productive forces in China . Furthermore, the barrier factor diagnosis model, Markov regime switch- ing model and spatial kernel density were employed to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of regional new quality productive forces in China. The results show that: (1) The level of new quality productive forces in different regions of China presents an uneven distribution, with the distribution gradient being the southern coastal area, the eastern coastal area, the northern coastal area, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the southwest area, the middle reaches of the Yel- low River, the northeast area, and the northwest area. (2) The development of new quality productive forces needs to pay attention to the "technology market turnover", "foreign technology import contracts", "the proportion of individuals with higher education", "the number of patent applications" and other issues. (3) The development of China's overall new qual- ity productive forces level is on an upward trend, jumping to the "high volatility" range from 2017 to 2020, and thengradu- ally turning to the "low volatility" range. The Northeast and eastern coastal provinces show a positive spatial dynamic spillover effect,while the northern coastal provinces are susceptible to the negative spatial dynamic spillover effect from other provinces in the region.