Abstract: Thermoelectric materials can realize the direct conversion between heat energy and electric energy and show great application prospects in waste heat power generation and solid state refrigeration. Due to electro-acoustic coupling, the comprehensive properties of thermoelectric materials are difficult to be further improved. The theory predicts that the heterogeneous core-shell structure is expected to decouple the electro-acoustic interaction . Building core-shell structure is a potential universal strategy to improve the performance in thermoelectric materials. Taken telluride thermoelectric materials as an example, this paper focuses on the construction of core-shell structures and the effects of telluride core-shell structures on the thermoelectric properties of PbTe, Bi₂Te₃ and other materials, and it also provides an outlook on the use of core-shell structures for the development of new thermoelectric materials.