Abstract: Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is a class of anionic clays with flexible tunability, facile exchangeability of intercalated anions, good thermal stability, and plentiful active sites.LDH have been widely used in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to degrade organic pollutants in water, and exhibit excellent catalytic performance. To promote the application of LDH based catalysts (LDH) in wastewater treatment, this article reviews the properties, types, synthesis methods of LDH catalysts, and the performance and mechanism of LDH in the degradation of emerging contaminants in common AOPs such as heterogeneous Fenton process, persulfate activation, and photocatalysis. LDH catalysts have various types. Especially, LDO and nanocomposites have good dispersibility, easy separation, and synergistic effects, which are conducive to improving catalytic performance.By selectively adjusting the composition and structure of LDH, excellent pollutant removal efficiency can be achieved in different types of AOPs by various degradation mechanisms. Finally, suggestions and future research priorities were proposed, such as developing green and efficient synthesis methods and optimizing material design.