Abstract: Based on the data collected from the questionnaire of China General Social Survey (CGSS 2012) in 2148 married families, this paper systematically studies the effect of education level of husband and wife on the division of labor within families. The results show that the burden of labor is heavier for women in the division of household chores. The education level, age, concept of gender equality, current working condition and physical condition of women have significant influence on the proportion of housework. However, the education level of spouses, the contribution rate of women's income, the economic status of families and the satisfaction degree of family life have no significant influence on the proportion of women's housework. In a word, education level is an importance influencing factor that can change the division of labor within families and reduce the proportion of women's household chores.