Abstract: Since China planned to promote more of its literature to "go global", domestic translation community has paid close attention to the outbound translating of individual literary piece or genre and the academic studies on it. However, when it comes to anthologizing translated works, covering whole / half range of Chinese literature with all essential genres and literary panoramas, attention is wanting. This research summarizes how ancient Chinese literati, modern Western Sinologists and modern Chinese scholars compiled anthologies either in Chinese or in English translation. It also investigates how anthology forms and works, how translation anthology differs from that only in original language, and how domestic academia has researched on the compilation of anthologies of Chinese literature in English translation. The research concludes that, domestic translation community has to a large extent failed to see what's in common between how anthologies were compiled in the past 2000 years and how translation anthologies should be compiled to promote Chinese literature worldwide today. It also failed to explain how "translation" will make "translation anthology" special from the perspective of contemporary translation studies. The research thus proposes that for more Chinese literature to go global through "translation anthology" in the future, traditional anthology-compiling scholarship should be associated with contemporary translation studies to form a new field of "translation anthology compilation studies" and cast more light on this medium. Meanwhile, competing works from Chinese mainland should be produced at the earliest possible date to make our own voice heard in this domain.