Abstract: As a genre of fictional narrative, Chinese modern ecological novels usually stipulate that the "basic semantic domain" must be based on the possible world. However, as the reason for its rise and the meaning of the topic, "ecology" requires that the text must be related to the real world. Taking Chi Zijian's The Last Quarter of the Moon as a case study, starting from the paradox of "virtual" and"real" in ecological novels, this paper interprets the status and dilemma of contemporary Chinese eco-fiction, and reveals the profound ecological ethics and cultural logic behind them based on the possible world theory from general narratology.