Abstract: Early psychological intervention following trauma means psychological interventions began within the first 3 months after a traumatic event. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing are one of the most effective therapeutic method in post-traumatic early psychological intervention area. This paper introduces the concept of early psychological intervention, the critical period of trauma treatment and the target object that needs to accept intervention. This article mainly evaluates the early psychological intervention after trauma in general and the place of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing intervention in particular, including the history of development and treatment steps, and discusses the impacts of psychic trauma on brain structure and nervous system from the point of view of neurobiology. As the most suitable treatment in early psychological intervention, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing has its own advantage by compared with the exposure treatment of Cognitive behavioral therapy, the common psychological intervention treatment. Finally, it is proposed that the necessity and development prospect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in post-traumatic early psychological intervention.