Abstract: The study on ancient rhymes by Zou Hanxun is based on the mathematical ideology from the traditional philosophy, and it classifies the ancient rhymes into fifteen types of basic rhymes and ten types of entering tones. The fifteen types of basic rhymes by Zou have a high degree of unity with the seventeen types of ancient rhymes by Duan Yucai. The relationship of transmission between them is quite obvious, but in terms of dealing with rhymes of entering tone, Zou is quite different from Gu Yanwu, JiangYong, DaiZhen and DuanYucai. Zou Hanxun pioneers to get the sound of ancient rhymes, referring to dialects, and his awareness of pronunciation changes reveals an embryo of the theory of dispersive phonetic change in western countries. However, being restricted to the Nancu dialect, the study on ancient rhymes by Zou made many mistakes in the process of deriving the sound of ancient rhymes.